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Digital Tenge on BNB Chain? Are you kidding me?
Digital Tenge on BNB Chain? Are you kidding me?
"Last week, Binance boss Changpeng Zhao (CZ) declared that after the exchange received a license in Kazakhstan, his team had persuaded Berik Sholpankulov, the First Deputy of the Governor of the National Bank of Kazakhstan, to test integrating the Digital Tenge with the BNB blockchain. While he stopped short of confirming integration, the tweets started a frenzy of rumors and digital currency media articles speculating that BNB Chain would be the home of Kazakh CBDC."
·coingeek.com·
Digital Tenge on BNB Chain? Are you kidding me?
Blockchain Powered Value Exchange | Partior
Blockchain Powered Value Exchange | Partior
A global, independent company borne from industry collaboration, Partior was founded in 2021 by Temasek Holdings, J.P. Morgan and DBS. In a world where money is moving faster than ever, our solutions address the growing demand for transparency, cost efficiency and liquidity optimisation.
·partior.com·
Blockchain Powered Value Exchange | Partior
Zimbabwe Draws on Nigeria Lessons in Crypto Currency Plans
Zimbabwe Draws on Nigeria Lessons in Crypto Currency Plans
Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe (RBZ) Deputy Governor Innocent Matshe reportedly said the RBZ will proceed with plans to a central bank digital currency (CBDC), undeterred By the slow adoption of Nigeria's eNaira. In addition to sending a team to learn from the Central Bank of Nigeria’s experiences, the RBZ has also reportedly sent teams with a similar mission to countries like China and Ghana.
·bloomberg.com·
Zimbabwe Draws on Nigeria Lessons in Crypto Currency Plans
Automated market makers and decentralized exchanges: a DeFi primer
Automated market makers and decentralized exchanges: a DeFi primer
"Recent advancements in decentralized finance (DeFi) have resulted in a rapid increase in the use of Automated Market Makers (AMMs) for creating decentralized exchanges (DEXs). In this paper, we organize these developments by treating an AMM as a neoclassical black-box characterized by the conversion of inputs (tokens) to outputs (prices). The conversion is governed by the technology of the AMM summarized by an ‘exchange function’. Various types of AMMs are examined, including: Constant Product Market Makers; Constant Mean Market Makers; Constant Sum Market Makers; Hybrid Function Market Makers; and, Dynamic Automated Market Makers. The paper also looks at the impact of introducing concentrated liquidity in an AMM. Overall, the framework presented here provides an intuitive geometric representation of how an AMM operates, and a clear delineation of the similarities and differences across the various types of AMMs."
·link.springer.com·
Automated market makers and decentralized exchanges: a DeFi primer
MAS Launches Expanded Initiative to Advance Cross-Border Connectivity in Wholesale CBDCs
MAS Launches Expanded Initiative to Advance Cross-Border Connectivity in Wholesale CBDCs
The Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) launched Ubin+, an expanded collaboration with international partners on cross-border foreign exchange (FX) settlement using wholesale central bank digital currency (CBDC).  Ubin+ will develop technical standards and infrastructure to support cross-border connectivity, interoperability and atomic settlement of digital currency transactions across platforms using distributed ledger technology (DLT), and non-DLT based financial market infrastructures. It will also evaluate the efficiency and risk implications of such platforms, and establish the related policy frameworks. (The BIS Innovation Hub led Project Mariana that is investigating the use of decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols and automated market makers (AMMs) to automate FX trading and settlement, is part of Ubin+.)
·mas.gov.sg·
MAS Launches Expanded Initiative to Advance Cross-Border Connectivity in Wholesale CBDCs
Call for interest: technical talks on programmable digital euro payments
Call for interest: technical talks on programmable digital euro payments
The European Central Bank (ECB) is inviting experts from the payment industry to take part in technical talks, in order to explore options for the provision of programmable payment services in digital euro. The talks will center around the questions regarding retail payments use cases, standards, and back-end IT architecture core payment settlement capabilities. The talks are expected to take place in December 2022. They will be held at expert level as closed sessions with members of the ECB’s digital euro project team, and observers from euro area national central banks.
·ecb.europa.eu·
Call for interest: technical talks on programmable digital euro payments
HSBC, Visa, G+D winners of Hong Kong's Global Fast Track CBDC competition
HSBC, Visa, G+D winners of Hong Kong's Global Fast Track CBDC competition
The Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) reportedly announced the six winners of its Global Fast Track CBDC competition, who will now work with the HKMA on central bank digital currency (CBDC) research projects: ARTA TechFin Corporation Limited (technology), Bank of China (Hong Kong) (use case), Giesecke+Devrient (G+D Filia) (technology), Hang Seng Bank (use case), HSBC (ecosystem) and Visa (ecosystem).
·ledgerinsights.com·
HSBC, Visa, G+D winners of Hong Kong's Global Fast Track CBDC competition
Advances in the New York Fed's Digital Currency Experimentation
Advances in the New York Fed's Digital Currency Experimentation
The New York Fed provided an update on its Project Cedar,  the inaugural project of the New York Innovation Center (NYIC). It built and tested a working prototype distributed ledger technology (DLT) solution for wholesale FX settlement that results in instant and atomic settlement in which a wholesale central bank digital currency (CBDC) is the settlement asset. "Results from the experiment indicated that settlement could occur in fewer than 10 seconds on average and that horizontal scaling was possible. This indicates that a modular ecosystem of ledgers has the potential for continued scalability, and that DLT could enable settlement times well below the current industry standard of two days, with the added guarantee of atomic settlement." Download report here: https://www.newyorkfed.org/aboutthefed/nyic/project-cedar
·newyorkfed.org·
Advances in the New York Fed's Digital Currency Experimentation
A Multi-Currency Exchange and Contracting Platform
A Multi-Currency Exchange and Contracting Platform
The IMF published a working paper that presents a vision for a multilateral platform that could improve cross-border payments, as well as related FX transactions, risk sharing, and more generally, financial contracting. It proposes a design that centralizes payments and settlement and that integrates functionality needed for cross-border transactions: streamlining compliance, reducing the cost of FX conversion, and better managing financial risks. The paper also shows how new technologies can be leveraged to better organize payments and associated financial markets. These new technologies are ledgers with unique states, programmability that allows for smart contracts, and encryption which ensures privacy, and can alleviate the underlying obstacles to trade. These technologies allow the design of a multilateral exchange system where participants can truthfully share information with smart contracts but can retain privacy relative to other parties.
·imf.org·
A Multi-Currency Exchange and Contracting Platform
Bank of Korea finds performance issues with CBDC blockchain tech
Bank of Korea finds performance issues with CBDC blockchain tech
"The Bank of Korea completed the second phase of its retail central bank digital currency (CBDC) simulations in late June. While it was happy with some aspects of its digital won simulations, such as using CBDC for offline payments and cross border remittances, it found the overall performance of the Ethereum-based blockchain insufficient, including the scaling solutions and privacy technology that was tested. One of its tests simulated peak demand by sustaining 4,200 transactions per second (TPS) for 30 minutes. At that activity level, users sometimes had to wait up to a minute for a response (latency)." http://www.bok.or.kr/portal/bbs/P0000559/view.do?nttId=10073660&menuNo=200690
·ledgerinsights.com·
Bank of Korea finds performance issues with CBDC blockchain tech
The case for convenience: how CBDC design choices impact monetary policy pass-through
The case for convenience: how CBDC design choices impact monetary policy pass-through
The BIS published a paper that that explores the implications of central bank digital currency (CBDC) remuneration and convenience, focusing on the US monetary system with its large excess reserves, with the rate of interest on reserves (IOR) as the main monetary policy tool. The paper finds that at low IOR rates, large banks are non-responsive to IOR rate changes, leading to weak pass-through of IOR rate changes to deposit rates. Here an interest-bearing CBDC could provide competitive pressure to drive up deposit rates and improve monetary policy transmission. However, increasing remuneration past a point where it becomes a binding floor, increases deposit rates but leads to greater inequality of market shares in both deposit and lending markets, and reducing deposit rate responsiveness to IOR changes... The paper also finds that payment convenience is a crucial aspect of CBDC design that may be more desirable than remunerating CBDC. Payment convenience could be driven by a host of features that enhance the performance of CBDC as a medium of exchange. Examples include the quality of the user interface, processing speed, privacy and access to markets. A highly convenient CBDC produces sufficient competitive pressure in deposit markets to raise deposit rates for any given level of IOR and increases the responsiveness of deposit rates to IOR rate changes. Increasing payment convenience also has favorable effects on market composition by levelling the playing field
·bis.org·
The case for convenience: how CBDC design choices impact monetary policy pass-through
Is the Digital Euro a Solution in Search of a Problem?
Is the Digital Euro a Solution in Search of a Problem?
"The question does not consider that the digital euro is also to make central bank money available across a broader range of financial market infrastructures to ensure access to central bank money remains equitable and supports competition in payments. The question and more so the responses serve as a reminder that central banks seemingly continue to struggle to present a convincing case for CBDC. Arguments appear largely defensive. During the seminar, the main arguments for a digital euro brought forward were the decline in cash, respond to consumer demand for cheap and secure digital payments, safety of central bank money as the basis of trust, preservation of national sovereignty, protect the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, everyone else is doing one. Those may indeed just not ring persuasive enough. CBDC should be seen as a driver of change and to advance diversification in payments, respond to new payment needs and augment functionality and utility of central bank money."
·linkedin.com·
Is the Digital Euro a Solution in Search of a Problem?
Project Tourbillon demonstrates cash-like anonymity for retail CBDC
Project Tourbillon demonstrates cash-like anonymity for retail CBDC
The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) published an update on Project Tourbillon, which explores privacy, security and scalability for retail central bank digital currency (CBDC). The experiment proposes a concept of payer anonymity, providing cash-like anonymity to the payer, combining proven technologies such as blind signatures and mix networks with the latest research on cryptography and CBDC design suggested by David Chaum and Thomas Moser’s eCash 2.0 platform. Project Tourbillon explored not only current, but also quantum-safe blind signatures, an important cryptography used in both designs to guarantee privacy and future security. Tourbillon also demonstrated that implementing quantum-safe cryptography is possible, but it severely limits performance.
·bis.org·
Project Tourbillon demonstrates cash-like anonymity for retail CBDC
IMF proposes DLT, DeFi-inspired alternative to cross border CBDC
IMF proposes DLT, DeFi-inspired alternative to cross border CBDC
"Last week the IMF published a paper on X-C, a platform for cross border payments, co-authored by the IMF and members of MIT’s Digital Currency Initiative. The solution proposes a global centralized ledger for cross border payments in which central banks, banks and payment providers participate. An X-C platform would not just centralize payments and settlement, but also provide a foreign exchange (FX) market, hedging and compliance. "
·ledgerinsights.com·
IMF proposes DLT, DeFi-inspired alternative to cross border CBDC
The Trilemma of Central Bank Digital Currencies
The Trilemma of Central Bank Digital Currencies
"Countries from China to Sweden have a variety of rationales for seeking to modernize their payments technologies. Ultimately, however, central banks weighing whether to launch a digital currency must recognize that if they do, they can have confidentiality of transactions or financial stability, but not both."
·project-syndicate.org·
The Trilemma of Central Bank Digital Currencies
New York Fed and Monetary Authority of Singapore Collaborate to Explore Potential Enhancements to Cross-Border Payments Using Wholesale CBDCs
New York Fed and Monetary Authority of Singapore Collaborate to Explore Potential Enhancements to Cross-Border Payments Using Wholesale CBDCs
The Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s New York Innovation Center (NYIC) and the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) announced Project Cedar Phase II x Ubin+, a joint experiment to investigate how wholesale central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) could improve the efficiency of cross-border wholesale payments involving multiple currencies. Project Cedar Phase II x Ubin+ will enhance designs for atomic settlement of cross-border cross-currency transactions, leveraging wholesale CBDCs as a settlement asset.
·newyorkfed.org·
New York Fed and Monetary Authority of Singapore Collaborate to Explore Potential Enhancements to Cross-Border Payments Using Wholesale CBDCs
A LeVeL Paying Field: Cryptographic Solutions towards Social Accountability and Financial Inclusion
A LeVeL Paying Field: Cryptographic Solutions towards Social Accountability and Financial Inclusion
Crypto-assets rely on fixed public/private key algorithms, which are resting targets for advanced cryptanalysis. BitMint's BitMintLeVeL protocol allows each holder to pick their own public/private key algorithm, so that an attacker would have to compromise all the algorithms used by all previous coin owners - a substantial security upgrade relative to existing crypto-assets. LeVeL can be applied to crypto-assets and fiat currency to effectively serve as a claim check. BitMintLeVeL can achieve decentralization via BitMint's InterMint: Money is minted by many smoothly interchangeable mints competing for traders.
·eprint.iacr.org·
A LeVeL Paying Field: Cryptographic Solutions towards Social Accountability and Financial Inclusion
Bank of England Looking for CBDC Solution Architect
Bank of England Looking for CBDC Solution Architect
The Bank of England is recruiting for Solution Architects within the Technology team of its Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) Unit. The CBDC Unit is responsible for analyzing the opportunities and challenges presented by CBDC and developing the design of a CBDC. The Unit’s activities include macroeconomic analysis, work on functional design, exploration of technology options, and engaging private-sector and international counterparts. The responsibility of the job holder will be to explore the technology design and architecture options for a potential retail CBDC.
·bankofengland.taleo.net·
Bank of England Looking for CBDC Solution Architect
Russia’s Digital Ruble Integrated Into Banking App
Russia’s Digital Ruble Integrated Into Banking App
VTB Bank has reportedly become the first Russian bank to add the digital ruble to its mobile application. The integration is currently being tested with accounts set up for legal entities. Select customers will be granted access in the coming months and will be able to join the trials.
·news.bitcoin.com·
Russia’s Digital Ruble Integrated Into Banking App
Proof of Reserves | Armanino
Proof of Reserves | Armanino
"The digital asset industry lacks the standards to ensure digital asset service providers hold enough assets to cover customer deposits. Gaps in trust result in lower rates of adoption and higher counterparty risks. TrustExplorer is an objective third-party that instills confidence providers have sufficient digital assets to meet users’ liabilities and enables validation that account data was included in the review."
·armaninollp.com·
Proof of Reserves | Armanino
Bahamas central bank shares CBDC lessons from Sand Dollar's first two years
Bahamas central bank shares CBDC lessons from Sand Dollar's first two years
In a recent speech, Central Bank of the Bahamas (CBB) Governor John Rolle described four central bank digital currency (CBDC) factors that the Bahamas’ experience suggests are particularly important – and that remain important to its own efforts to encourage CBDC adoption. Those factors are: building a network of merchants that accept and encourage CBDC use; achieving interoperability with the traditional banking system; enlisting participation from the traditional banking sector and credit unions; and the importance of “user education” and “inspiring user confidence”.
·globalgovernmentfintech.com·
Bahamas central bank shares CBDC lessons from Sand Dollar's first two years
The Macroeconomic Implications of CBDC: A Review of the Literature
The Macroeconomic Implications of CBDC: A Review of the Literature
The US Federal Reserve Board (FRB) published a paper that provides an overview of the literature on how a CBDC would affect the banking sector, financial stability, and the implementation and transmission of monetary policy in a developed economy such as the United States. A CBDC has the potential to improve welfare by reducing financial frictions in deposit markets, by boosting financial inclusion, and by improving the transmission of monetary policy. However, a CBDC also entails noteworthy risks, including the possibility of bank disintermediation and associated contraction in bank credit, as well as potential adverse effects on financial stability. A CBDC also raise questions regarding monetary policy implementation and the footprint of central banks in the financial system. Ultimately, the effects of a CBDC depend critically on its design features, particularly remuneration.
·federalreserve.gov·
The Macroeconomic Implications of CBDC: A Review of the Literature
FSB outlines framework for monitoring progress toward the G20 cross-border payments targets
FSB outlines framework for monitoring progress toward the G20 cross-border payments targets
The Financial Stability Board (FSB) published its report to the G20 on the framework for monitoring progress toward meeting the targets for the G20 Roadmap for Enhancing Cross-border Payments, to achieve cheaper, faster, more transparent, and more accessible payments. The framework includes key performance indicators defined across the 11 targets for the three market segments – wholesale, retail, and remittances. Notably, the definitions of the wholesale and retail market segments have been adjusted to more clearly separate the differing use cases and end-user experiences and better align the definitions with those most typically used by the payments industry and end-users. Wholesale transactions were defined as those between financial institutions, and retail transactions as those that were neither between financial institution end-users nor in the third market segment - remittances. Going forward, the wholesale market segment will include all payments with a value equal to or exceeding a specified threshold regardless of whether the end-users are financial institutions. The threshold will be set at a level that captures the use cases in this market segment, such as high-value corporate business-to-business. Relatedly, retail payments will be payments with a value less than the specified threshold, not including remittances.
·fsb.org·
FSB outlines framework for monitoring progress toward the G20 cross-border payments targets